Let's f. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/messerschmitt-me-262-2361526. The Jumo 210 was retained on the prototype as a safety feature following the arrival of the BMW 003s. At the time, Mutke did not understand the reasons for this strange behavior. A throbbing in the wings as my cannon pounded briefly. He claimed that he got lost during a combat mission and landed there by mistake, although there were suspicions that he'd defected. When the BMW 003 engines were installed, the Jumo was retained for safety, which proved wise as both 003s failed during the first flight and the pilot had to land using the nose-mounted engine alone. These were kept flying until 1951,[4] when they were replaced in service by more advanced jet fighters of Soviet origin. So you normally came in at 600 yards and would open fire on your B-17. Average is about 274 km/h (148 kn or 170 mph). Testing was discontinued after four engine changes were required during the course of the tests, culminating in two single-engine landings. It is equal to 486 kn or 559 mph. [23] This was almost nine months ahead of the British Gloster Meteor's first flight on 5 March 1943. That one in the gentle left-hand curve! A computer-based performance analysis of the Me 262 carried out in 1999 at the Technische Universitt Mnchen concluded that the Me 262 could indeed exceed Mach 1[1][citation needed]. What was the average duration of an Me 262 combat mission - Quora "Sleek and Deadly: The Messerschmitt Me 262. Though an improvement, the early jet engines possessed incredibly short operational lives, typically lasting only 12-25 hours. It was powered by jet engines, a new technology that was not always reliable.. The Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe (English: "Swallow") was the world's first operational jet-powered fighter aircraft. Price: Performance Weights Dimensions Avionics: Engine: 2x Junkers Jumo 004B-1 Jet Power: 1,980 pound-force Max Cruise Speed: 490 knots 907 Km/h Approach Speed (Vref): Me 262s, equipped with R4M rockets, approached from the side of a bomber formation, where their silhouettes were widest, and while still out of range of the bombers' machine guns, fired a salvo of rockets with Hexogen-filled warheads. Messerschmitt Me 262 A-1a Schwalbe (Swallow) - Smithsonian Institution Thank you!Join the Discord! [66] These aircraft were extensively studied, aiding development of early U.S. and Soviet jet fighters. This is not the case. In April 1941, Busemann proposed fitting a 35 swept wing (Pfeilflgel II, literally "arrow wing II") to the Me 262,[56] the same wing sweep angle later used on both the American F-86 Sabre and Soviet MiG-15 Fagot fighter jets. Despite the necessity to gain experience in high-speed flight for the HG II and III designs, Messerschmitt made no attempt to exceed the Mach 0.86 limit for the Me 262. Height: 11 ft. 4 in. The prototype first flew in . Hubert Lange, a Me 262 pilot, said: "the Messerschmitt Me 262's most dangerous opponent was the British Hawker Tempest extremely fast at low altitudes, highly-manoeuvrable and heavily-armed. Despite the necessity to gain experience in high-speed flight for the HG II and III designs, Messerschmitt undertook no attempts to exceed the Mach . [39] Allied bomber gunners found their electric gun turrets had problems tracking the jets. I'm not perfect, and I made those charts pretty quickly.The Official auto and Air Fan Store is Here!https://gregs-airplanesandautomobiles.pixels.com/My Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/GregsAirplanesandAutomobiles ", "491st Mission List June 1944 TO April 1945. . This aircraft conducted a private test flight in late April 2006, and made its public debut in May at the ILA 2006. While the first designs called for the Me 262's engines to be mounted in the wing roots, issues with the power plant's development saw them moved to pods on the wings. Messerschmitt Me 262 and P-80 Thrust, Drag, and Horsepower [35] The exact circumstances surrounding the death of Walter Nowotny remain uncertain to this day. [citation needed] However, actual intercepts were generally or entirely made using Wilde Sau methods, rather than AI radar-controlled interception. Totals. The Messerschmitt Me 262 is a two-engined multi role jet fighter aircraft produced by the German manufacturer Messerschmitt AG. The Technical Intelligence staff assigned the inventory and tracking number FE-111 to this airplane. Wargaming.net Homepage / World of Warplanes / Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe navigation search Me 262 Totals Speed Mobility Bf 109 Z Me 262 Me 262 HG II VIII 2510000 The world's first jet-powered fighter to enter mass production. As the Me 262 was refined, the BMW 003 engines were abandoned due to poor performance and replaced by the Junkers Jumo 004. As a result, the Me 262 was already under development as Projekt 1065 (P.1065) before the start of World War II. Faster than the North American P-51 Mustang by 190 kilometers (120 miles) per hour, the Schwalbe restored to the faltering German Luftwaffe a short-lived qualitative superiority that it had enjoyed earlier in the war. But which fighter was better? The maximum payload is 1,000 kg and the fuel tank capacity is 635 US gal. Specifications (Messerschmitt Me 262 A-1a). Radinger and Schick 1996, pp. Due to this change and the increased weight of the engines, the aircraft's wings were swept back to accommodate the new center of gravity. It entered service in April 1944, and other than Germany, Czechoslovakia also operated a few Me 262. They managed to shoot down 12 bombers and one fighter for the loss of three Me -262s. Messerschmitt Me 262 Used by the Luftwaffe - ThoughtCo Can you calculate the horsepower of a jet engine? Staffel, Jagdgeschwader 7. [13] The elliptical nose derivatives of the NACA airfoils were used on the horizontal and vertical tail surfaces. Despite its setbacks, the Me 262 was certainly the beginning of the end for the conventional propeller driven combat aircraft. [34] Then, while diving and trying desperately to restart his engines, he was attacked by other Mustangs, and forced to bail out. It is debatable to what extent Hitler's interference extended the delay in bringing the Schwalbe into operation. Serving with 10 Staffel, Nachtjagdgeschwader 11, near Berlin, these few aircraft (alongside several single-seat examples) accounted for most of the 13 Mosquitoes lost over Berlin in the first three months of 1945. It has an empty weight of 3,795 kg, a gross weight of 6,473 kg, and a maximum takeoff weight of 7,130 kg. was flying his de Havilland Mosquito over Munich on a high-altitude reconnaissance mission. [71], These reproductions are constructed by Legend Flyers (later Me 262 Project) of Everett, Washington. Haunschmied, Rudolf A., Jan-Ruth Mills and Siegi Witzany-Durda. Messerschmitt Me P.262 HG III HistoryThe Messerschmitt Me 262 HG III (also HG-3) was a short-lived evolution of the iconic Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter of World War 2 (1939-1945). It arrived at the Silver Hill Facility in 1950, and restoration work began in 1978. Me 262: Was the First Jet Fighter the Best Warplane of WW II? 3540000. It started to develop before the Second World War and first flew in April 1941. Messerschmitt Me 262 HG III - Global wiki. Wargaming.net P-51 vs Me 262: Data Comparison On August 28, the first Me 262 was lost to enemy action when Major Joseph Myers and Second Lieutenant Manford Croy of the 78th Fighter Group shot one down while flying P-47 Thunderbolts. Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe - Global wiki. The nosewheel was a 66cm 16cm (26.0in 6.3in) item identical to the. The maximum speed most frequently is a term for so-called never exceed speed. The shaking intensified, and Mutke temporarily lost control of his plane. X. Hickman, Kennedy. The airspeed indicator was stuck against its limit of 1,100km/h (684mph) (the maximum speed of the Me 262 is 870km/h). : https://discord.gg/6KXasUHuECHistory Of The P.1101: https://youtu.be/HbBa0NZG-vgSources (with some sources being within these sources):https://ww2aircraft.net/forum/threads/me-262-future-in-light-of-engine-development.41739/https://www.airforcemag.com/article/1108bungle/ - 60 vs 1000https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/messerschmitt-me-262-a-1a-schwalbe-swallow/nasm_A19600328000 - Operational claimhttps://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/504081-new-plane-proposal-%E2%80%93-me-262-hg-ii/https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/464281-me-262-hg-i-ii-i-iii/https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/346975-me-262-hg-1-hg-2-hg3/https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/319914-me-262-hg-i/https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/455511-list-of-all-me-262-variants/https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/504081-new-plane-proposal-%E2%80%93-me-262-hg-ii/http://www.wardrawings.be/WW2/Files/2-Airplanes/Axis/1-Germany/01-Fighters/Me-262/Me-262-HG1.htmhttps://military.wikia.org/wiki/Messerschmitt_Me_262https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/416535-list-of-previously-suggested-ideas-german-aircraft-please-check-before-creating-a-new-suggestion/https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/504081-new-plane-proposal-%E2%80%93-me-262-hg-ii/https://forum.warthunder.com/index.php?/topic/434946-ruhrstahl-kramer-rk-344-x-4-air-to-air-missile-1944/ The resulting steepening of the dive would lead to even higher speeds and the airframe would disintegrate from excessive negative g loads. [citation needed] The high speed of the Me 262 also presented problems when engaging enemy aircraft, the high-speed convergence allowing Me 262 pilots little time to line up their targets or acquire the appropriate amount of deflection. Radinger and Schick 1996, p.110 based on original Messerschmitt data, ME-262 A-1 Pilot's Handbook, T2 Airforce Material Command, Wright Field Dayton Ohio, National Museum of the United States Air Force, South African National Museum of Military History, "Quest for Performance: The Evolution of Modern Aircraft, Part II: The Jet Age, Chapter 11: Early Jet Fighters, Pioneer jet Fighters. He later returned to Germany, where he completed medical training. [81] The first Me 262 reproduction (a two-seater) took off for the first time in December 2002 and the second one in August 2005. The new Me 262 flew during the public flight demonstrations. De Havilland Hornet F1 - (475 mph) 5. It is higher value then max speed of other aircrafts of a similar size. German engineers introduced an automatic throttle regulator later in the war but it only partly alleviated the problem. [33], Despite orders to stay grounded, Nowotny chose to fly a mission against an enemy bomber formation flying some 30,000 feet above, on 8 November 1944. [citation needed], Mutke went into a steep 40 dive with full engine power. Not backed by the Luftwaffe, the He 280 program would be terminated in 1943. [55], Adolf Busemann had proposed swept wings as early as 1935. [citation needed] Conversely, the superior power of jet engines at higher speeds meant the Me 262 enjoyed a much greater rate of climb. Most of Welter's claimed night kills were achieved in standard radar-less aircraft, even though Welter had tested a prototype Me 262 fitted with FuG 218 Neptun radar. For example, if you want to fight and destroy a B-17, you come in on a dive. Flight testing of the first newly manufactured Me 262 A-1c (single-seat) variant (Werk Number 501244) was completed in August 2005. The RAE achieved speeds of up to Mach0.84 and confirmed the results from the Messerschmitt dive tests. Sadly, none of these prototypes survive to this day, although we have a fair amount of knowledge on the work done with these planes, which I present to you in this video. . At B8 Bergkristall-Esche II at St. Georgen/Gusen, Austria, forced laborers of Concentration Camp Gusen II produced fully equipped fuselages for the Me 262 at a monthly rate of 450 units on large assembly lines from early 1945.[63]. P-51 Mustang pilots quickly learned that the Me 262 was not as maneuverable as their own planes and found that they could attack the jet as it turned. On the plus side, thrust at high speed was much greater than on propeller-driven aircraft. The Messerschmitt Me 262, powered by two Jumo engines and with wings swept back 18.5, was capable of 845 km (525 miles) per hour. Hans Guido Mutke (25 March 1921 8 April 2004) was a fighter pilot for the German Luftwaffe during World War II. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. The Stormbird variant was designed at Hitler's insistence. Could one in fact, successfully attack a group of erratically banking fighters with the Me 262? Hitler's order did divert some 30 percent of production airframes to the Me 262A-2a Sturmvogel (Stormbird) bomber type. Goering's Big Bungle | Air & Space Forces Magazine What is the length of Messerschmitt Me 262? They shot down 12 bombers and one fighter for the loss of three Me 262s. Me 262 pilots learned that their superior speed . Mutke's claim, however, is without controlled, experimental confirmation. As well as the flak guns, there were several piston engine fighter units based in the area which were tasked to cover the jets as they were landing. The progression of the original design was delayed greatly by technical issues involving the new jet engine. A unit of select Luftwaffe pilots, JV 44 began flying in February 1945. The critical altitude of 6,000 metres was to be reached in no more than 17 minutes, and the fighter was to have an operational ceiling of 10,000 m (33,000 ft). Rather than just having a hinged elevator, the Me 262 could change the angle of incidence of the whole tailplane, a design feature that was later added to the Bell X1. The first unit to deploy the Me 262 was Erprobungskommando 262 in April 1944. Messerschmitt researched the topic from 1940. He reported that with the airspeed indicator still off the scale he attempted to recover from the uncontrollable dive by adjusting the main tailplane incidence angle. No one tried to exceed the Mach limit established by Messerschmitt. The Me 262 appeared in only relatively small numbers in the closing year of World War II. Used tactically, this gave the jet fighter an even larger speed advantage in climb than in level flight at top speed. One or two of these rockets could down even the famously rugged B-17 Flying Fortress. Average is about 274 km/h (148 kn or 170 mph). For more information, visit the Smithsonian's, International media Interoperability Framework. The Me 262 has a maximum speed of 490 knots and a travel range of 570 nautical miles. After the war, American test pilots filed reports about the Me 262, including the possibility of a speed of Mach 1. [82], Data from Quest for Performance[19] Original Messerschmitt documents[88]. Messerschmitt Me 262 HG II. Messerschmitt Me 262 / engine start / original sound - YouTube [citation needed], Several two-seat trainer variants of the Me 262, the Me 262 B-1a, had been adapted through the Umrst-Bausatz 1 factory refit package as night fighters, complete with on-board FuG 218 Neptun high-VHF band radar, using Hirschgeweih ("stag's antlers") antennae with a set of shorter dipole elements than the Lichtenstein SN-2 had used, as the B-1a/U1 version. Many Me 262s were found in readily-repairable condition and were confiscated. "[51] Some were destroyed with a tactic known to the Tempest 135 Wing as the "Rat Scramble":[52] Tempests on immediate alert took off when an Me 262 was reported to be airborne. According to Speer, Hitler felt its superior speed compared to other fighters of the era meant it could not be attacked, and so preferred it for high altitude straight flying. Messerschmitt Me 262 A 1a Schwalbe (Swallow). [57], Interest in high-speed flight, which led him to initiate work on swept wings starting in 1940, is evident from the advanced developments Messerschmitt had on his drawing board in 1944. Also, as the Me-262 required concrete runways, Allied leaders singled out jet bases for heavy bombing with the goal of destroying the aircraft on the ground and eliminating its infrastructure. Price, Alfred. [32] Major Walter Nowotny was assigned as commander after the death of Thierfelder in July 1944, and the unit redesignated Kommando Nowotny. The former issue often was a result of the necessary high-temperature resistant alloys being unavailable while the latter saw notable figures such as Reichsmarschall Hermann Gring, Major General Adolf Galland, and Willy Messerschmitt all oppose the aircraft at different times for political and economic reasons. This is the same technique employed by Chuck Yeager in the Bell X-1 to avoid what is known as Mach tuck. Taken over by Major Walter Nowotny in July, it was renamed, Kommando Nowotny. Among methods preferred by pilots were diving and attacking with the Me 262's four 30mm cannons and approaching from a bomber's side and firing R4M rockets at long range. ", "The "Westfalen-Wing" in Rheine-Hopsten. Essentially a trials and development unit, it holds the distinction of having mounted the world's first jet fighter operations. Even from astern, the closing speed was too great to use the short-ranged 30mm cannon to maximum effect. Both versions are on display at the Prague Aviation museum in Kbely. [citation needed], Allied pilots soon found the only reliable way of dealing with the jets, as with the even faster Me 163 Komet rocket fighters, was to attack them on the ground and during takeoff or landing. 79.2 Controllability. The Me 262 HG Series is one of the most intriguing lines of research ever done with the Me 262. Heinkel He 162 - (495 mph) 4. This claim is disputed because it is only based on Mutke's memory of the incident, which recalls effects other Me 262 pilots observed below the speed of sound at high indicated airspeed, but with no altitude reading required to determine the actual speed. The speed of sound is 1,062km/h (660mph) at an altitude of 12,000 m, depending on the environmental variables. "[39], Eventually, German pilots developed new combat tactics to counter Allied bombers' defenses. The controls were light and effective right up to the maximum permissible speed and perfectly harmonized. Hickman, Kennedy. This was largely due to the jet's poor performance at low speeds. The Kikka successfully performed its first and only test flight, which lasted just 20 minutes, on Aug. 7, 1945 from Kisarazu Naval Air Base, the . The first of these machines (Werk Number 501241) went to a private owner in the southwestern United States, while the second (Werk Number 501244) was delivered to the Messerschmitt Foundation at Manching, Germany. Corrections? [8] Armed with two 30mm Type 5 cannon, it could also carry either a 1,102Ib or 1,764lb bomb. This use of a piston engine was the result of ongoing delays with the aircraft's intended twin BMW 003 turbojets. On 18 March 1945, 37 Me 262s of JG 7 intercepted a force of 1,221 bombers and 632 escorting fighters. First flown under jet power on July 18, 1942, it proved much faster than conventional airplanes. Messerschmitt Me 262 - Price, Specs, Photo Gallery, History - Aero Corner Nazi Germany Me 262 Jet Fighter Changed Aerial Combat P-51 Mustang vs. Messerschmitt Me-262 - Which WWII fighter was better? Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! Combating the Allied fighters could be effectively done the same way as the U.S. fighters fought the more nimble, but slower, Japanese fighters in the Pacific. [64] The Me 262 did have a shorter combat range than the Meteor. The design of the jet fighter Me 262, which had the project number 1065 at Messerschmitt, began a good year before the outbreak of the Second World War and could have regained the Luftwaffe 's control of German airspace from 1943. Kennedy Hickman is a historian, museum director, and curator who specializes in military and naval history. [citation needed] Pilots were instructed to operate the throttle gently and avoid quick changes. This proved fortuitous as both turbojets failed during their initial flight, forcing the pilot to land using the piston engine. Target acquisition was difficult because the jets closed into firing range quickly and remained in firing position only briefly, using their standard attack profile, which proved more effective. [14] As a conservation measure, late in the war, wing interiors would not be painted. Captured Enemy Aircraft Flight Royal Aircraft Establishment, who tested the Me 262 noted: "This was a Blitzkrieg aircraft. Can you calculate the horsepower of a jet engine? While passing through the altitude of 12,000 m, his Me 262 started to vibrate and began swinging from side to side. It has been in the game since the start of the Open Beta Test prior to Update 1.27. It could be armed with four 30 mm Mk 108 cannons, twenty-four 55 mm R4M rockets, and two 250 kg bombs or two 500 kg bombs in the A-2 version. However, aircraft such as the Bell X-1, F-86 Sabre and Convair F2Y Sea Dart similarly did not have area ruled fuselages, yet are acknowledged to have flown at supersonic speeds here the engine thrust, either alone or in combination with the pull of gravity during a dive, supplies enough force to accelerate the airplane to supersonic speed. The others were destroyed in training accidents or by Allied bombing attacks. And with dive brakes, you could have done that. This image is in the public domain (free of copyright restrictions). Another disadvantage all early jet engines shared was a relatively high risk of flameout if the pilot used the throttle too aggressively (as is common in a dogfight). As with all other early jets, the Me 262's engines did not provide a lot of thrust at low air speeds (a key criterion for good turn performance at low speeds), and throttle response was slow. Galland was able to draw into the unit many of the most experienced and decorated Luftwaffe fighter pilots from other units grounded by lack of fuel. After the war, the Royal Aircraft Establishment, at that time one of the leading institutions in high-speed research, re-tested the Me 262 to help with British attempts at exceeding Mach1. . The RAF Museum holds no intelligence reports of RAF aircraft engaging in combat with Me 262s in August, although there is a report of an unarmed encounter between an Me 262 and a Mosquito. Armed with four 30-mm cannon and unguided rockets, it was an effective bomber destroyer, but it entered service too late to have a night fighter Table of Contents Home Technology Engineering Mechanical Engineering "Introduction: Returning the World's First Fighting Jet to the Skies. The German response was the construction of a "flak lane" of over 150 quadruple 20mm (.79in) autocannon at Rheine-Hopsten to protect the approaches. Correct answer is 900 km/h. Empty Weight: 8,400 lbs. There are also three other types of speed that can be called "maximum speed": Vno (normal operation speed) is the maximum allowable speed of normal operation, Vb (design speed for maximum gust intensity) is the maximum speed in rough air, and Va (design maneuvering speed) is the maximum speed at which the rudders can be maximally deflected. With the end of hostilities in May 1945, the Allied powers scrambled to claim the remaining Me 262s. 15.4 sAverage Time to Turn 360 deg. Transonic buffeting effects had also been widely reported by pilots of propeller-driven Allied fighters including the Supermarine Spitfire, P-38 Lightning, P-47 Thunderbolt and P-51 Mustang, aircraft that were known to have top diving speeds of less than 0.85 Mach (although one Spitfire was measured at 0.92 Mach). The conventional gear producing a pronounced tail-down attitude on the ground of the Me 262 V3 caused its jet exhaust to deflect off the runway, with the wing's turbulence negating the effects of the elevators, and the first takeoff attempt was cut short. The latter show forty-two victories over Soviet aircraft by Oberfeldwebel Heinz Arnold in piston-engine fighters, and seven (perhaps not all by Arnold) over American bombers and fighters in NASM's Me 262. Jet engine development, although more advanced in Germany than elsewhere, was still in a primitive state, and the turbine engines intended for the sleek fighter were not ready. Me 262 A-1a - War Thunder Wiki Wings were of single-spar cantilever construction, with stressed skins, varying from 3mm (0.12in) thick at the root to 1mm (0.039in) at the tip. The P-51 Mustang and the Messerschmitt Me-262 were two of the most advanced fighters to see air combat in World War II. [70] The third replica, a non-flyable Me 262 A-1c, was delivered to the Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum in May 2010.